From: Brian Holtz [brian@holtz.org]
Sent: Thursday, May 05, 2005 8:14 AM
To: 'Minarchists@yahoogroups.com'
Cc: 'marketliberal@yahoogroups.com'
Subject: Re: Reasonable POV, Yes?
Allen Hacker  wrote:

> Take, for example, the atheist world-view, or conclusion, as to what he is
> and his place and role in the cosmos.  Articles of faith abound, including
In the domains of epistemology and theology, 'faith' doesn't just mean belief that is unjustifiably strong or not completely certain.  It means the specific belief that there exist authorities -- books, priests, dreams, etc. -- whose assertions are considered beyond question, usually due to their ultimately supernatural provenance.  A person of faith may doubt that any particular authority is authentic, but he still asserts that such authorities exist. Atheists deny that any such authorities exist -- and atheists of course do not ultimately ground this denial itself in any authority.  For an atheist, it's never acceptable for the last word to be "because a magic book/man/dream said so". That's why we atheists say we lack faith. But feel free to ignore this distinction, and to keep pointing out that we (like all humans) have beliefs that are less than perfectly proven. :-)
 
> convection tectonics, Lylist gradualism, the theory of evolution, the brain
> as the seat of consciousness, and genetics as the basis of
> personality.  All of these are elegant theories, none is proven.
 
Again, "proven" is an unfortunate choice of words, because it equivocates between 1) "demonstrable by strict logical inference from universally accepted premises" and 2) "supportable as the best available explanation for the relevant evidence". By (1) your "none is proven" statement is uninteresting, but by (2) your statement is false.
 
> In what I have fun calling the Libertarian religion, there are two
> stunningly unsubstantiated articles of faith:
 
You don't need to redefine the terms 'religion' and 'faith' to diagnose a belief as insufficiently justified -- no matter how much fun it might be to do so.
 
> atheists regularly render public ridicule
> against anything vaguely religious
 
A little friendly ridicule of the truly ridiculous isn't necessarily a bad thing. For example, Paul's periodic fits of histrionic hyperbole are good candidates for this sort of treatment.
 
>  except their own articles of faith.
 
Faith must be a pretty egregious epistemic crime if its primary defense is to redefine it so that everyone's guilty of it. :-)

> This is so true that the acknowledgedly religious in this very group are
> reluctant to speak on certain topics for concern that they will suffer the
> indignity of being scorned by verbal aggression. 
 
One man's disagreement is another man's aggressive scorn -- especially where religion/philosophy is concerned. I'd ask for examples of verbal aggression, but Paul seems to have already provided them. :-)
 
> It's particularly grating to be put into this position when the
> attacker so obviously cannot even prove his own assertions.
 
This talk of "proof" is still too absolute. It would be better to use a term like "justify", but doing so immediately exposes how gray this area is. Our standards and judgments about epistemic justification may differ in ways that make it hard to say which of us is more right. (If this weren't the case, we'd pretty much all believe the same things, right?)
 
> There's no proof that the brain thinks, only evidence of associated activity.
> There's no proof that psychic events do not happen.
 
True -- but also uninteresting, given that we already knew that no synthetic proposition is provable. Replace "proof" with "reasonable grounds for belief", and your statements become more interesting -- but unfortunately false.
 
> To make operational conclusions about these things and then incorporate
> them into a hence-forth unexamined belief system is to create articles of
> faith and therefore to construct a personal religion.
 
If a conclusion is sanctified into revelation that can never be questioned, that's indeed faith. Atheism involves no assertions that aren't subject to question and justification (including this assertion itself).  If you disagree, I invite you to cite an assertion or authority that is held in the atheist literature to be beyond question.

> Until I meet an atheist who supposes absolutely nothing,
 
You just changed your standard.  Does religion mean having at least some beliefs that are considered exempt from examination, or does it mean having any belief that is not mathematically/logically/objectively proven? The latter standard  reduces "religion" to a synonym for "belief-system", and makes your original assertion uninteresting: "Atheism and Objectivism are [belief-systems] too".  (Didn't we already know that?)  And it makes your subsequent statement a red herring: "You can't define all [belief-systems] in terms of just one or just one type". (He wasn't trying to define all belief-systems; he was pointing to religion as a proper subset of them.)
 
> I cannot avoid seeing atheism as a religion,
 
That's understandable, if you define 'religion' as 'belief-system'.
 
> albeit one that denies the existence of a
> superior supernatural boss and clings instead to ego (itself an unprovable
> part of the psychological mythology).
 
I'm not sure what you mean by "cling to ego", but note again that "unprovable" here is an unremarkable observation.

> if I can just get a little MORE objectivism going,
 
By propounding an impossible standard of objective "proof" in empirical/ethical matters, you might very well end up promoting not objectivity but instead the naive relativism that holds all worldviews to be equally unjustified (because none of them is objectively proven).
 
> maybe I can reduce the unintended consequences of atheists'
> general presumption of intellectual superiority
 
One worldview can be intellectually superior to another, but that doesn't imply a similar relationship between the believers in those respective worldviews. If believer X can be considered "intellectually superior" to Y, it's not because more of X's beliefs overlap with truth than do Y's, but rather because X chooses beliefs using a method more likely to yield truth. By this standard, there are quite a few theists who are "intellectually superior" to most atheists.
 
>  i.e., the suppression of free thought within the
> party, and with it, the end of otherwise irresolvable positional and
> platform issues (because they cannot be articulated without this discussion).
 
This sounds interesting. I'd like to hear more about this, either on this forum or offline.
 
> anything with "ism" ot "ity" in its name is by definition a belief
> system, and allow that every belief system deserves the respect accorded to
> anything held by its adherents to be religious
 
I'll respect the believer (according to his reasonableness and humaneness), but I don't have to respect the belief.
 
> Because, in the end, it is presumptions of superiority that cause all the
> ills in the world.

"All"?  An interesting subset of the ills in the world are caused by such casually categorical statements.  :-)
 
Brian Holtz
2004 Libertarian candidate for Congress, CA14 (Silicon Valley)
http://marketliberal.org